CB/Z 155-78 潜艇液舱容积测量及刻度技术条令
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 潜艇液舱容积测量及刻度技术条令 |
| 中标分类： | |
| 发布日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 实施日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
适用范围
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引用标准
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforIdentificationandClassificationofDispersiveClaySoilsbythePinholeTest
【原文标准名称】:用针孔试验做分散粘土识别和分类的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4647-2006e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:clay;clay(dispersive);collodialerodibility;dispersibility;dispersivity;dispersion;dispersiveclays;erosion;pinhole;soils;Earthwork;Flowandflowrate--soil/rock/relatedmaterials;Nondispersiveclaysoil;Pinholetest;Propertydamage/
【摘要】:Thepinholetestprovidesonemethodofidentifyingthedispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoilsthataretobeorhavebeenusedinearthconstruction.Thepipingfailuresofanumberofhomogeneousearthdams,erosionalongchannelorcanalbanks,andrainfallerosionofearthenstructureshavebeenattributedtothecolloidalerosionalongcracksorotherflowchannelsformedinmassesofdispersiveclay(2).Thistestmethodmodelstheactionofwaterflowingalongacrackinanearthembankment.Otherindirecttests,suchasthedoublehydrometertest(TestMethodD4221),thecrumbtest(3,4),thatrelatestheturbidityofacloudofsuspendedclaycolloidsasanindicatoroftheclaydispersivity,andchemicalteststhatrelatethepercentageofsodiumtototalsolublesaltcontentofthesoilarealsousedasindicatortestsofclaydispersibility(2).Thecomparisonofresultsfromthepinholetestandotherindirecttestsonhundredsofsamplesindicatesthattheresultsofthepinholetesthavethebestcorrelationwiththeerosionalperformanceofclaysoilsinnature.MethodAandMethodCofthepinholetestrequiretheevaluationofcloudinessofeffluent,finalsizeofthepinhole,andcomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinordertoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.MethodBrequiresonlytheevaluationofthecloudinessofeffluentandfinalsizeofthepinholetoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.ThecomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinMethodAservesprimarilyasaguidetotheproperequipmentandspecimenperformanceundersequentialpressuresappliedduringthetest.Allmethodsproducesimilarresultsandanymethodcanbeusedtoidentifydispersiveclays.TheuseofMethodAorMethodCresultsintheaccumulationofdatarelativetosequentialflowratesthroughthepinholeandconsequentenlargementorerosionofthehole.Thepinholeerosiontestwasdevelopedforthepurposeofidentifyingdispersivesoilsandisnotintendedtobeageometricallyscaledmodelofaprototypestructure.Sincethetheoryofsimilitudewasnotusedinthedesignofthepinholetest,quantitativedataarenotobtained.Thequantityofflowthroughthepinhole,amountofsoilerosion,ortherateofsoilerosionshouldnotbeextrapolatedtoactualfieldconditions(3).However,suchdatamaybeusefulinperformingqualitativeevaluationsoftheconsequencesofsucherosionintermsofdamfailure,lossoflifeandproperty.Theyalsomaybeusedinconsideringthecosteffectivenessofdefensivedesignmeasuresnecessarytominimizetheeffectsoffailureduetodispersiveclays.Forexample,theamountofcolloidalerosionthatwilloccurinasoilclassedasND2(veryslightlydispersive)willbeverysmallforarelativelylongperiodoftime.Sucherosionmaynotbesignificantinevaluatingthecost-benefitrelationshipsinprojectswherepublicsafetyisnotinvolvedorwherenormalmaintenanceprocedureswillhandletheproblem.Insuchcases,classifyingthesoilasND(nondispersive)usingMethodBofthepinholetestshouldbeadequate.Pinholeteststhatresultinclassifyingsoilasslightlydispersive(ND3byMethodAorMethodCorSDbyMethodB)indicatehighuncertaintyabouttheexistenceofsignificantproblemstobeconsideredinthedesignorstabilityofastructure.Insuchcases,itisadvisabletoresampleandtestanumberofothersoilsfromthesameareatogenerateanadequatestatisticalsampleforproblemevaluation.Theoriginalslightlydispersivesamplemaycomefromanareaontheedgeofamorehighlydispersivesoil.Inafewphysiographicareasorgeoclimaticconditions,orboth,neitherthepinhole......
【中国标准分类号】:P21
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:用针孔试验做分散粘土识别和分类的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4647-2006e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:clay;clay(dispersive);collodialerodibility;dispersibility;dispersivity;dispersion;dispersiveclays;erosion;pinhole;soils;Earthwork;Flowandflowrate--soil/rock/relatedmaterials;Nondispersiveclaysoil;Pinholetest;Propertydamage/
【摘要】:Thepinholetestprovidesonemethodofidentifyingthedispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoilsthataretobeorhavebeenusedinearthconstruction.Thepipingfailuresofanumberofhomogeneousearthdams,erosionalongchannelorcanalbanks,andrainfallerosionofearthenstructureshavebeenattributedtothecolloidalerosionalongcracksorotherflowchannelsformedinmassesofdispersiveclay(2).Thistestmethodmodelstheactionofwaterflowingalongacrackinanearthembankment.Otherindirecttests,suchasthedoublehydrometertest(TestMethodD4221),thecrumbtest(3,4),thatrelatestheturbidityofacloudofsuspendedclaycolloidsasanindicatoroftheclaydispersivity,andchemicalteststhatrelatethepercentageofsodiumtototalsolublesaltcontentofthesoilarealsousedasindicatortestsofclaydispersibility(2).Thecomparisonofresultsfromthepinholetestandotherindirecttestsonhundredsofsamplesindicatesthattheresultsofthepinholetesthavethebestcorrelationwiththeerosionalperformanceofclaysoilsinnature.MethodAandMethodCofthepinholetestrequiretheevaluationofcloudinessofeffluent,finalsizeofthepinhole,andcomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinordertoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.MethodBrequiresonlytheevaluationofthecloudinessofeffluentandfinalsizeofthepinholetoclassifythedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.ThecomputationofflowratesthroughthepinholeinMethodAservesprimarilyasaguidetotheproperequipmentandspecimenperformanceundersequentialpressuresappliedduringthetest.Allmethodsproducesimilarresultsandanymethodcanbeusedtoidentifydispersiveclays.TheuseofMethodAorMethodCresultsintheaccumulationofdatarelativetosequentialflowratesthroughthepinholeandconsequentenlargementorerosionofthehole.Thepinholeerosiontestwasdevelopedforthepurposeofidentifyingdispersivesoilsandisnotintendedtobeageometricallyscaledmodelofaprototypestructure.Sincethetheoryofsimilitudewasnotusedinthedesignofthepinholetest,quantitativedataarenotobtained.Thequantityofflowthroughthepinhole,amountofsoilerosion,ortherateofsoilerosionshouldnotbeextrapolatedtoactualfieldconditions(3).However,suchdatamaybeusefulinperformingqualitativeevaluationsoftheconsequencesofsucherosionintermsofdamfailure,lossoflifeandproperty.Theyalsomaybeusedinconsideringthecosteffectivenessofdefensivedesignmeasuresnecessarytominimizetheeffectsoffailureduetodispersiveclays.Forexample,theamountofcolloidalerosionthatwilloccurinasoilclassedasND2(veryslightlydispersive)willbeverysmallforarelativelylongperiodoftime.Sucherosionmaynotbesignificantinevaluatingthecost-benefitrelationshipsinprojectswherepublicsafetyisnotinvolvedorwherenormalmaintenanceprocedureswillhandletheproblem.Insuchcases,classifyingthesoilasND(nondispersive)usingMethodBofthepinholetestshouldbeadequate.Pinholeteststhatresultinclassifyingsoilasslightlydispersive(ND3byMethodAorMethodCorSDbyMethodB)indicatehighuncertaintyabouttheexistenceofsignificantproblemstobeconsideredinthedesignorstabilityofastructure.Insuchcases,itisadvisabletoresampleandtestanumberofothersoilsfromthesameareatogenerateanadequatestatisticalsampleforproblemevaluation.Theoriginalslightlydispersivesamplemaycomefromanareaontheedgeofamorehighlydispersivesoil.Inafewphysiographicareasorgeoclimaticconditions,orboth,neitherthepinhole......
【中国标准分类号】:P21
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 粉末冶金天然金刚石修整片 |
| 中标分类： | 冶金 >> 粉末冶金 >> 粉末冶金材料与制品 |
| 发布部门： | 北京市粉末冶金研究所 |
| 发布日期： | 1996-09-03 |
| 实施日期： | 1997-07-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 归口单位： | 北京市粉末冶金研究所 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 9 页 |
| 批文号： | 机械科[1996]684号 |
适用范围
本标准为首次发布。 本标准规定了粉末冶金天然金刚石修整片的技术要求、试验方法、分类与命外、标志、标签和包装等要求。 本标准适用于粉末冶金工艺制造的修整砂轮用金刚石修整片。
前言
没有内容
目录
没有内容
引用标准
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所属分类： 冶金 粉末冶金 粉末冶金材料与制品
